环境规制、FDI与农业技术创新——基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析
乔翠霞 王馨雨
摘 要：文章利用2004年-2017年的省级面板数据，通过构建固定效应模型从全国层面和东、中、西部地区层面研究了环境规制对农业技术创新的影响以及FDI在其中发挥的中介效应。研究发现：环境规制在全国层面对农业技术创新产生微弱的负向作用；环境规制通过对较低清洁技术水平的FDI驱离，筛选出符合环境规制政策的具备较高清洁技术水平的外资，从而对农业技术创新产生促进作用，中介效应检验符合上述描述，且全国层面中介效应占比为81.36%；人均受教育年限、金融发展水平、农业机械总动力三者显著对农业技术创新产生促进作用；异质性分析显示，东部地区和西部地区的环境规制对农业技术创新的FDI中介效应显著存在，占总效应的比重分别为93.68%、86.29%，而中部地区的环境规制对农业技术创新的FDI中介效应不显著。除此之外，东部地区FDI对农业技术创新的促进作用大于西部地区。
关键词：环境规制 FDI 农业技术创新 中介效应
Environmental Regulation, FDI and Agricultural Technological Innovation
------ An Empirical Analysis Based
Cuixia Qiao Xinyu Wang
Abstract: Using the provincial panel data from 2004-2017, the influence of environmental regulation on agricultural technology innovation and the intermediary effect of studied from the eastern, central and western regions by constructing the fixed effect model. The research found that environmental regulation has a weak negative effect on agricultural technology innovation at the national level; Environmental regulation drives the FDI with a lower level of cleaning technology, Screout foreign capital with higher clean technology level in line with environmental regulatory policies, To promote the agricultural technology innovation, The intermediary effect inspection meets the above description, And the national level of the intermediary effect accounts for 81.36%; The per capita length of education, financial development level and the total power of agricultural machinery have a significant role in promoting agricultural technological innovation; Heheterogeneity analysis revealed, FDI intermediary effect of environmental regulation in eastern and western regions on agricultural technological innovation exists significant but not in central region, The proportion of the total effect was 93.68% and 86.29%, respectively. And FDI in the eastern region promotes agricultural technology innovation more than that in the western region.
Keywords: Environmental Regulation FDI Agricultural Technology Innovation Intermediary Effect
JEL Classification: Q56 F21 Q55
制度创新、空间溢出与经济增长
——对中国自由贸易试验区的实证检验
马宇 张婷婷 魏丹琪 张扬
摘 要：自由贸易试验区是打造中国经济升级版的重要载体，其核心是制度创新。基于2005-2018年53个城市的面板数据，采用空间双重差分模型实证分析自由贸易试验区制度创新对经济增长的空间溢出效应。结果表明，自由贸易试验区能够显著促进区内经济增长，且对周边地区经济增长存在正向溢出效应；沿海型自由贸易试验区在促进区内经济增长的同时还会促进周边地区经济增长，内陆型自由贸易试验区的经济增长效应主要体现在促进区内经济增长，并未对周边地区经济增长产生显著影响。另外，机制检验结果表明，政府规模的扩大会削弱自由贸易试验区设立对区内以及周边地区经济增长的促进作用。据此，提出应大力发展自由贸易试验区战略，促进不同类型自由贸易试验区差异化发展，合理控制政府规模等政策建议。
关键词：自由贸易试验区 制度创新 空间溢出 经济增长
Institutional Innovation, Spatial Spillover and Economic Growth：An Empirical Test of China's Pilot Free Trade Zone
Yu Ma Tingting Zhang Danqi Wei Yang Zhang
Abstract: The pilot free trade zone is an important carrier to build an upgraded version of China's economy, and its core is institutional innovation. Based on the panel data of 53 cities from 2005 to 2018, this paper uses the spatial double difference model to analyze the spatial spillover effect of institutional innovation on economic growth in the pilot free trade zone. The results show that the pilot free trade zone can significantly promote the regional economic growth, and has a positive spillover effect on the economic growth of the surrounding areas. The economic growth effect of the inland pilot free trade zone is mainly reflected in promoting the economic growth in the region, and has no significant impact on the economic growth of the surrounding areas. In addition, the mechanism test results show that the expansion of government size will inhibit the promotion effect of the establishment of pilot Free Trade Zone on economic growth. Therefore, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as developing the strategy of pilot free trade zones, promoting the differentiated development of different types of pilot free trade zones, and reasonably controlling the size of the government.
Keywords: Pilot Free Trade Zone Institutional Innovation Spatial Spillover Economic Growth
JEL Classification: O31 O38
高技术产品进口能促进东道国经济增长吗？
——基于OECD国家2006-2018年数据分析
张志新 赵云梦
摘 要：随着贸易保护主义再度兴起，高技术产品进口环境复杂多变，研究高技术产品进口与经济增长的关系成为当前研究重要问题。文章使用OECD中31个国家2006-2018年的面板数据，采用固定效应模型和2SLS方法研究高技术产品（货物和服务）进口对OECD国家经济增长的影响，结果发现：高技术产品进口促进经济增长且存在异质性；高技术货物进口有利于研发强度较高的东道国经济增长，高技术服务进口有助于研发强度较弱的东道国经济增长；高技术货物进口对经济发展水平较高的东道国经济增长促进作用要优于高技术服务进口。高技术产品进口主要通过人力资本效应和研发投入效应对东道国经济增长产生作用，且高技术货物进口主要通过高素质人力资本这一路径影响经济增长，而高技术服务进口主要通过研发投入效应影响经济增长。基于此，本文提出东道国应根据自身研发强度、经济发展水平等基本国情，选择有利于本国经济增长的高技术产品进口策略，以及调整高技术货物与服务进口比例关系等建议。
关键词：高技术货物进口 高技术服务进口 经济增长 OECD
Can the Import of High-tech Products Promote the Economic Growth of Host Countries?:Based on OECD Data 2006 - 2018
Zhixin Zhang Yunmeng Zhao
Abstract:With the rise of trade protectionism, the import environment of high-tech products is complex and changeable, and the study of the relationship between high-tech products import and economic growth has become an important issue in current research.Using the panel data of 31 OECD countries from 2006 to 2018, this paper studies the impact of high-tech imports (goods and services) on the economic growth of OECD countries by using the fixed-effect model and 2SLS method. The results show that: high-tech imports promote economic growth and there is heterogeneity;The import of high-tech goods is beneficial to the economic growth of the host countries with high R&D intensity, while the import of high-tech services is beneficial to the economic growth of the host countries with weak R&D intensity.The import of high-tech goods has a better promoting effect on the economic growth of host countries with higher economic development level than the import of high-tech services.The import of high-tech products affects the economic growth of the host country mainly through human capital effect and R&D input effect, and the import of high-tech goods affects the economic growth mainly through high-quality human capital, while the import of high-tech services affects the economic growth mainly through R&D input effect.Based on this, this paper proposes that the host country should choose the import strategy of high-tech products which is beneficial to its economic growth and adjust the proportion relationship of high-tech goods and services import according to its own R&D intensity and economic development level and other basic national conditions.
Key words: High-tech Goods Import Import of High-tech Services Economic Growth OECD
JEL Classification: F14 B22
区域制度治理环境对企业成长的影响及机理研究
朱孟晓
摘 要：区域制度治理环境能够促进企业成长，并且通过交易成本节约和创新选择激励两种中介效应对企业成长产生正向影响。通过约束非市场行为、提升资源配置效率等方式，区域制度治理环境建设能够实现交易成本节约效应，并以此促进企业成长。对动态能力较强的企业而言，区域制度治理环境能够产生创新激励效应，并以此推动企业成长。在行业竞争激烈以及所处区域市场化水平较高的条件下，区域制度治理环境对企业成长的促进作用更为显著。交易成本节约和创新选择激励传导效应的引入为通过优化区域制度治理环境促进企业成长提供了政策启示。
关键词：区域制度治理 制度环境 交易成本节约 创新激励 企业成长
The Influence and Mechanism of Regional Institutional Governance Environment on Enterprise Growth
Mengxiao Zhu
Abstract: Regional institutional governance environment can promote enterprise growth, and has a positive impact on enterprise growth through two intermediary effects: transaction cost saving and innovation choice incentive. By restricting non market behavior and improving the efficiency of resource allocation, the construction of regional institutional governance environment can realize the effect of transaction cost saving and promote the growth of enterprises. For enterprises with strong dynamic ability, regional institutional governance environment can produce innovation incentive effect and promote enterprise growth. Under the conditions of fierce industry competition and high level of Regional Marketization, the regional institutional governance environment plays a more significant role in promoting enterprise growth. Transmission effect of transaction cost saving and innovation choice incentive provides practical enlightenment for promoting enterprise growth from the path of regional institutional governance.
Keywords: Regional Institutional Governance Institutional Environment Transaction Cost Saving Incentive For Innovation Activities Enterprise Growth
JEL Classification: P26 M21
供需协调视角下我国旅游经济增长方式选择
杨天英 夏锋
摘 要：作为现代经济的重要构成，旅游经济与国民经济一样，在不同发展阶段具有不同的增长方式和发展道路。随着旅游产品和旅游业态越来越多元化，旅游业呈现出“脱物化”趋势，旅游者对观光游览类旅游产品的需求逐渐减少，而更加注重旅游活动带来的精神享受，旅游业发展不再受到旅游自然人文资源的限制，并且这种不依赖旅游资源的旅游产品正成为一些地区旅游产业发展的增长点。正确定义这种新的旅游经济增长方式，研判这种增长方式是否符合当前旅游经济发展阶段，对旅游经济实现高质量发展具有重要的理论意义和现实应用价值。本文基于新古典经济增长理论框架，尝试将旅游服务作为一种投入要素引入到旅游经济增长模型，利用我国31个省市2003-2017年旅游产业相关数据进行实证分析，得出我国各地区旅游经济增长方式主要有资本驱动型、资源驱动型和服务驱动型3种类型；在此基础上，基于旅游供求均衡理论，构建供需协调视角下最优增长方式选择的耦合模型，选取9个典型地区，观察不同增长方式下典型地区旅游供需系统耦合协调程度，结果显示供需协调视角下最优增长方式应为服务驱动型旅游经济增长方式。
关键词：旅游经济增长方式 旅游资源 旅游服务 供需系统 耦合协调
The Choice of China's Tourism Economic Growth Mode from the Perspective of Supply and Demand Coordination
Tianying Yang Feng Xia
Abstract:As an important component of modern economy, tourism economy, like national economy, has different growth modes and development paths in different development stages. At present, as tourists' demand for sightseeing tourism products is gradually decreasing, they pay more attention to the spiritual enjoyment brought by tourism activities. Tourism products and forms are becoming more and more diversified. There is a trend of "dematerialization" in tourism industry. The development of tourism industry is no longer limited by the natural and cultural resources of tourism, And this kind of tourism product which does not rely on tourism resources is becoming the growth point of tourism industry in some areas. How to define this growth mode and whether this growth mode is in line with the current stage of tourism economic development has important theoretical significance and practical application value. Under the framework of neoclassical economic growth theory, this paper introduces tourism service as an input factor into the tourism economic growth model, and makes an empirical analysis based on the relevant data of tourism industry of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2003 to 2017. It is concluded that there are three main types of tourism economic growth in China: capital driven, resource driven and service driven. On this basis, based on the theory of tourism supply and demand equilibrium, this paper constructs the coupling model of the optimal growth mode selection from the perspective of supply and demand coordination, selects nine typical regions, and observes the coupling coordination degree of tourism supply and demand system under different growth modes. The results show that the optimal growth mode from the perspective of supply and demand coordination should be service driven tourism economic growth mode.
Keywords: Tourism Economic Growth Mode Tourism Resources Tourism Service Supply And Demand System Coupling And Coordination
JEL Classification: O13 O38 R15
从价值转移到风险传导：全球价值链金融化的理论动态
王兴华 刘刚
摘 要：关于全球价值链的研究主要集中在生产和贸易领域，但是随着全球价值链中的主体——非金融企业的金融化和重要原材料——大宗商品的金融化，全球价值链已经从“生产链”和“贸易链”逐步发展为“金融链”。相应的，全球价值链的跨国价值转移和风险传导也逐步金融化，使发展中国家处于更加不利的地位。这一议题的研究属于全球价值链理论与金融化理论的交叉领域，其中的部分观点将在很大程度上颠覆国际经济秩序的传统认知。本文尝试梳理这一领域的相关研究，就金融化在“双循环”中引发的新业态和新风险，提供一个可供参考的理论思路。
关键词：全球价值链 金融化 价值转移 风险传导
From Value Transfer to Risk Transmission: Theoretical Researches on Financialization of Global Value Chain
Xinghua Wang Gang Liu
Abstract: Researches on global value chain mainly focus on fields of production and trade. However, with the financialization of non-financial enterprises and the financialization of commodities, global value chain has gradually developed from “production chain” and “trade chain” to “financial chain”. Accordingly, the transnational value transfer and risk transmission of global value chain are gradually financialized, which makes developing countries in a more disadvantageous position. The researches on this topic belong to the cross field of global value chain theory and financialization theory, and some of the viewpoints will subvert the traditional cognition of international economic order to some extent. This paper attempts to sort out the relevant researches in this field, and to provide a theoretical thinking for reference on the new business forms and new risks caused by financialization in the “double cycle”.
Key words: Global Value Chain Financialization Value Transfer Risk Transmission
JEL Classification: F42 G15
技能偏向型技术进步对技能溢价的影响
——基于异质性劳动力流动视角
李朝婷 刘国亮 李佳
摘 要：本文探究技能偏向型技术进步在异质性劳动力流动的条件下对技能溢价的影响。理论分析发现，技能偏向型技术进步提升高、低技能劳动力的相对生产率，直接增加技能溢价；技能偏向型技术进步增加高技能劳动力供给，通过提高劳动力技能结构，间接降低技能溢价；技能偏向型技术进步增加地区高、低技能劳动力流入，劳动力流入总量提升高、低技能劳动力的相对生产率，并且对劳动力技能结构有负向作用，间接增加技能溢价。运用1987-2018年省级面板数据和CGSS2010-2017年数据进行实证检验发现，技能偏向型技术进步对高技能劳动力工资的提高大于对低技能劳动力工资的提高，直接增加技能溢价；技能偏向型技术进步提高当地劳动力技能结构，其降低高技能劳动力工资，提高低技能劳动力工资，间接降低技能溢价；技能偏向型技术进步增加地区劳动力流入，其对高技能劳动力工资的提高大于对低技能劳动力工资的提高，间接增加技能溢价。
关键词：技能偏向型技术进步 异质性劳动力流动 技能溢价
Skill-biased Technological Progress and Skill Premium
------Based on Heterogeneous Labor Mobility Perspective
Chaoting Li Guoliang Liu Jia Li
Abstract: This paper analyzes the mechanism of the effect of skill-biased technological progress on skill premium from the perspective of heterogeneous labor mobility. Firstly, we construct a theoretical model to analyze the direct effect of skill-biased technological change on skill premium and the indirect effect through the total number of migrant workers and the skill structure of workers. It is found that skill-biased technological progress increases the relative productivity of high- and low-skilled labors, directly increasing skill premium. Skill-biased technological progress increases the supply of high-skilled labors, which improves the skill structure of labors and indirectly reduces skill premium. Skill-biased technological progress increases high- and low-skilled labors inflows, the total inflow of labors increases the relative productivity of high- and low-skilled labors, reduces the skill structure of the labors, and indirectly increases skill premium. Secondly, we use panel data and CGSS2010-2017 data to do the empirical test. The results show that the effect of skill-biased technological progress on the wage of high-skilled labors is bigger than the effect of skill-biased technological progress on the wage of low-skilled labors, which increases skill premium directly. Besides, skill-biased technological progress improves skill structure of labors and reduces the skill premium through reducing the wages of high-skilled labors and increasing the wages of low-skilled labors. Skill-biased technological change increases the inflow of labors. The effect of inflow of labors on wages of high-skilled labors is bigger than the effect of inflow of labors on wages of low-skilled labors, which indirectly increases skill premium.
Keywords: Skill-biased Technological Progress Heterogeneous Labor Mobility Skill Premium.
JEL Classification: O33 O15 E24