区域集中型市场结构的界定及其影响
——对中国“煤电冲突”的另一种解释
郝媛媛 于 立
摘要:以“煤电冲突”为特征的煤、电企业纵向交易关系是体制改革和经济发展中的难题之一。本文运用反垄断执法中常用的相关市场界定方法进行研究,发现中国电煤市场并不是通常所认为的充分竞争市场,而是表现出明显的区域集中型市场结构特征。本文重点以东北地区电煤市场为例,分析这种区域集中型市场结构对煤炭企业谈判能力、电煤价格以及煤电上下游关系的影响,并对“煤电冲突”给予了另一种解释思路。
关键词: 市场界定;区域集中;煤电冲突
On the Definition and Impacts of Regional Monopolistic Market Structure:
A New Explanation to Coal-Electricity Conflict in China
Hao Yuanyuan Yu Li
Abstract: Characteristiced by coal-electricity conflict, the vertical business relationship between coal and electricitc firms is one of the conundrums in the process of China’s reform and economic development. Using the conventional method in defining the relevant market, the paper finds that China’s coal market is more a regional monopolistic market structure than as usually considered a fully competitive one. Take northeast electricity-coal market as an example, the paper focus on the impacts of regional monopolistic market structure on bargaining power of coal and electricitc firms, electricity-coal prices and vertical relationship between coal and electricitc firms, which is a new explanation to coal-electricity conflict in China.
Keywords:Market Definition; Regional Monopoly; Coal-electricity Conflict
JEL Classificatioin: L11 L44
公用事业价格听证中的消费者利用信息能力与有效参与研究
刘大伟 唐要家
摘要: 管制本质上是对信息的处理过程。有限理性的消费者个体存在着参与不足和“羊群效应”两大问题。消费者组织所具有的自身特点和运作机制则能够有效地克服消费者个体有限理性及行为模式所带来的缺陷。因此,必须保证消费者组织的有效参与、选拔具有参与志愿和一定专业性的消费者代表和对消费者代表的激励与约束。
关键词: 公用事业 消费者 信息 能力 有限理性
Research on ConsumerEffectively Using Information and Participation during the Public Utility Price Hearing Process
Liu Dawei Tang Yaojia
Abstract: Fundamentally,regulation is a process to deal with information. For the bounded rationality consumer, it is certain that personal participation will lead to ineffective participation and Herd Effect.However, due to its characters and operation mechanism, consumer organization can effectively overcome these two above mentioned flaws. Therefore, it is very important to guarantee consumer organization's effective participation, and selecting of voluntary and certain professional consumer representatives as well as the incentive and restraint on consumer representatives.
Keywords: Public Utility, Consumer, Information, Capacity, Bounded Rationality
JEL Classification: H30 H40 K20
中国建筑安全规制的博弈分析
肖兴志 孙 艳
摘要:中国建筑安全事故的频繁发生严重制约着和谐社会的构建和建筑业的健康发展。本文从博弈论的角度出发,基于政府、建筑企业、建筑工人三个博弈主体的利益考虑,建立了以政府建筑安全规制机构与建筑企业、建筑企业与建筑企业、建筑企业与建筑工人为参与人的博弈模型,分析论述了中国建筑安全事故发生的原因,并结合中国建筑安全规制特征,本文提出了完善中国建筑安全规制体制、降低建筑安全事故率的政策建议。
关键词:建筑事故;安全规制;博弈分析;政策建议
The Game Analysis of China's Construction Safety Regulation
Xiao Xingzhi Sun Yan
Abstract: China's frequent construction accidents,which have seriously restrained the build of harmonious society and the healthy development of construction industry. This paper investigates the interests of the government, construction enterprises and construction workers from the perspective of game theory. Based on the build of the game models, in which the players are the governmental construction safety regulation institution, the contractor and the construction worker, it explains the causes of China's construction accidents. And according to the real situation in China's construction safety regulation, it puts forward corresponding policy suggestions for the perfection of China's construction safety regulation system and the reduction of construction accident rate.
Keywords:construction accidents; safety regulation; game analysis; policy suggestions
JEL Classification: L59 L74
专利联盟的竞争效应研究进展
杜晓君 马大明 白汶松
摘要:专利联盟作为解决专利丛林问题的有效途径,正日趋成为一种高技术产业化的发展模式。而专利联盟促进竞争和反竞争效应的复杂交织,一直是各国公共政策关注的核心问题。本文介绍了几个最有影响的专利联盟竞争效应理论模型,对专利联盟竞争效应的研究脉络进行梳理和评述,以期把握西方国家专利联盟政策的变化趋势,并指导我国制定专利联盟政策的实践。
关键词:专利联盟 竞争效应 社会福利 独立许可 纵向一体化企业
Research Progress of Patent Pools’ Competitive Effect
Du Xiaojun Ma Daming Bai Wensong
Abstract: As an effective path to resolve “patent thicket”, patent pools are tending to be a pattern of high-tech industrialization. But the complexity of pro-competitive and anti-competitive effects which patent pools involve has always being a highlighted problem of public policy of developed countries. In this article, we introduced several most influential theoretical models of patent pools’ competitive effect, carded and reviewed the choroids of patent pools’ competitive effect research, in order to grasp the policy changing trend of western countries, and to direct the practice of constituting patent pool policy in our country.
Keywords: Patent Pools Competitive Effect Social Welfare Independent Licensing Vertical Integration Firms
JEL classification: L15 L24 L44
中国机电产品显性比较优势变动分析
张乃丽 崔小秀
摘 要:加入WTO以来,中国机电产品的进出口统计数据显示,该行业已经进入蓬勃发展时期,但诸多研究成果同时也提出这一进步并未带来该行业竞争力的同步提升,如中日机电产品贸易受传统劳动力优势驱动的因素仍很大。因此,如何真正提升中国机电行业竞争力已经成为政府及学术界广泛关注的焦点。通过对显性比较优势指数进行分解,可以对比较优势变动因素作定量分析。研究中日贸易中我国机电产品比较优势的变动来源,并与两国要素禀赋和产业政策结合分析,将有助于我们认识中国机电行业比较优势与国际竞争力提升中的问题,并为解决这一问题提供有效参考。
关键词:机电;显性比较优势;国际竞争力;FDI
Analysis on Revealed Comparative Advantage of China’s electromechanical products
Zhang Naili Cui Xiaoxiu
Abstract: After entering WTO, the competitive power of China’s electromechanical industry did not keep pace with its rapid rise of export. And moreover, Sino-Japanese electromechanical trade is still based on China’s traditional advantage on labor. Hence how to improve its competitive power has been paid much attention by both government and academia. By decompounding , we can get quantitative analysis of factors that cause its change. To find out the source of change in comparative advantage and judge with the two countries’ factor endowments and industrial policy at the same time, means a lot to improving China’s electromechanical industry and industrial structure.
Keywords:electromechanical; Revealed Comparative Advantage; international competitive power; FDI
JELClassification:F14 L61 L62 L64
跨国公司撤资动因研究:以在华韩国企业为例
范宇新
摘要 本文以在华韩国企业为例对跨国公司的撤资动因进行了研究和探讨。文章在简要回顾撤资理论与相关研究文献的基础上,提出了“六因素撤资说”,并阐述了与韩国企业撤资的关系,然后分析了韩国企业撤资的情况、特点,最后得出结论。
关键词 撤资 韩国企业 六因素撤资说
On the Motivation of Multinational’s Divestment: Taking Korean Corporations in China as Explaining Cases
Fan Yuxin
Abstract: Taking Korean corporations in China as explaining cases, this paper discusses the motivation of multinational’s divestment. On the basis of recalling existing theories and literature on divestment, a Six-Factor Analysis of Divestment is put forward. The approach is applied to analyzing the behavior of Korean corporations’ divestment. The situation and characteristics of Korean corporations’ divestment are also analyzed. Finally, conclusion is drawn.
Keywords:Divestment; Korean Corporation; Six-Factor Analysis of Divestment
JEL Classification: F21 F13
企业生态位研究综述:概念、测度及战略运用
郭 妍 徐向艺
摘要:本文对企业生态位问题的相关研究从概念和理论、测度和评价、战略选择运用三方面进行了引介和评述。纵观国内外关于企业生态位的研究,总体上起步较晚、成果不多,就内容看,现有文献在企业生态位的概念方面尚未形成成熟、统一的认识;对企业生态位影响因子、测度评价等的研究也尚处于起步阶段;在基于企业生态位理论的竞争战略研究方面,深度尚嫌不足。因此,这一领域的研究是一个值得深化的课题。
关键词:企业生态位 概念理论 测度评价 战略选择
The Review of Enterprise Niche: Definitions , Measurement and Strategy Application
Guo Yan Xu Xiangyi
Abstract : This paper is a selective review of Enterprise Niche Theory from the respect of definitions, measurement strategy application. Recent study on enterprise niche has started rather late and the literature appears finite. Firstly, the existing literature has not yet come to agreement on a mature and common concept of enterprise niche. Secondly, the research on the influential factors and measurement of enterprise niche still rests on the initial phase. Moreover, the research of competitive strategy application based on Enterprise Niche Theory is superficial. Therefore, study in this field is a subject worth deepening.
Keywords: Enterprise Niche Definition Measurement Strategy Application
JEL Classification: M10 Q57
寡头垄断、非线性定价与非对称均衡
徐伟康
摘要:本文利用一个拓展的非线性定价模型分析双寡头垄断企业最优非线性定价行为与市场均衡,通过求解得出了非对称均衡结果。本文发现:由于竞争的压力,双寡头企业不能实现垄断定价,在均衡时,低成本企业和高成本企业的非线性价格都低于独家垄断企业制定的非线性价格。在非对称的均衡结果中,低成本企业的边际价格高于边际成本,而高成本企业的边际价格将低于边际成本。
关键词: 寡头垄断 非线性定价 非对称均衡
Duopoly, Nonlinear Pricing and Asymmetrical Equilibrium
Xu Weikang
Abstract:This article mainly analyzes the best nonlinear pricing and market balance in the duopoly business by an extending nonlinear pricing model. By solving this model we find the duopoly is not able to carry out the optimal nonlinear price. Furthermore, in asymmetrical equilibrium the price of the firm with low cost was lower than its cost, and the case of the firm with high cost was in the contrary.
Keywords: Duopoly; Nonlinear Pricing; Asymmetrical Equilibrium
JEL Classification: D43 L11 L13
资本结构影响产品市场竞争问题研究
—以食品饮料业上市公司为例
杨 雯
摘要:本文建立了不确定需求下差别化产品的双寡头竞争模型,分析特定的产品市场特性下资本结构与产品市场竞争的关系。理论分析表明当存在一个外界冲击的外生变量,使得企业所处的经营环境处于一种不确定状态时,负债的增加将使企业提高产量。同时以食品饮料业上市公司为例进行了实证检验。
关键词:不确定需求;资本结构;产品市场竞争;食品饮料业
How Capital Structure Impacts Product Market Competition:
The case of listed companies in food and beverage industry
Yang Wen
Abstract: This paper considers a two-stage differentiated goods duopoly model with demand uncertainty linking firm’s capital structure choice with their output market decisions. The model proves that debt issue induces firms to raise their output when firm’s industrial circumstance is uncertainty under an exogenous specific shock. Using the data of listed companies in food and beverage industry, the empirical analyses prove the model results.
Keywords:uncertain demand, capital structure, product market competition, food and beverage industry
JEL Classification: G32 L11 L25
媒介产业集中新近研究-- SCP范式的应用
张宏伟
摘 要:无论在欧美国家还是在我国,媒介产业集中趋势已经越来越明显,而随之也不可避免地产生了诸多问题。本文对新世纪以来关于媒介产业集中问题的国际前沿研究进行了梳理、分类和分析。从中可以看出,新世纪的研究不再局限于集中本身,而是有了新的扩展,并呈现出了两种新的研究趋势,一是基于产业组织理论探讨不同市场结构对企业生产、定价等行为的影响,二是分析媒介产业集中对言论自由、多样性、媒介产品内容、就业等方面的影响。
关键词:媒介产业集中 媒介所有权集中 多样性 媒介政策
Research on Media Concentration: The Application of SCP Paradigm
Zhang Hongwei
Abstract: The concentration trend of media is becoming more obvious than ever either in China or in foreign countries, along which some problems surface as well. This paper hackles, categorizes and analyzes the international studies on the media concentration conducted in the new century. Clearly, these new studies have been expanded beyond the analysis of media concentration itself. There are currently two new study directions: studies on how various marketing structures affect production and pricing based on the theory of industrial organization and researches on how media concentration affects speech freedom, diversity, media product content and employment.
Keywords:media concentration; concentration of media ownership; diversity, media policy
JEL Classification: L10 L11 L82
《生产系统理论——一个应用于中国农业生产的调查研究》评介
杜 凯
蔡银寅所著《生产系统理论——一个应用于中国农业生产的调查研究》一书于2008年6月经由江苏人民出版社出版发行。这是一部将新制度经济学理论整合到新古典微观经济学中从而得出新观点的学术著作。正如茅于轼先生所说,这是一部很有分量的学术著作。但直到最近我们在和英国皇家经济学会做有关技术引进、大国竞争以及增长收敛等相关问题研究的时候才真正发现此书的价值所在。