外资并购的国家安全审查:概念、国际经验和政策建议
林 平 李嫣怡
摘 要:本文回顾国内近期对外资并购的国家安全审查的讨论,概述美、英、法、俄、印、等国的相关审查制度,提出国防安全、经济安全和产业安全之间的集合图示关系。外资并购的国家安全审查包括国防安全审查和关键产业安全审查的并集,但并不包括产业安全的全部。国家安全审查的标准是安全,而不是竞争力本身,也不是竞争。把经济安全(即关键产业安全)的边界划得过宽,会使得国家安全审查制度变为产业政策的一种工具。反垄断、国家安全审查和产业政策,均是公共政策的不同领域,各自目标函数不同,应当各司其职,而不是相互利用。
关键词:外资并购,国家安全审查,产业政策
National Security Review of Foreign Acquisitions of Domestic Firms: Concepts, International Experiences and Implications for China
Lin Ping Li Yanyi
Abstract: We summarize the main viewpoints in recent debates on national security review of foreign acquisitions of domestic firms in China. We then review the national security schemes in the US, UK, France, as well as the recent developments in Russia and India. We provide a diagrammatic presentation of the relationships among the concepts of national defense security, economic security and industrial security. National security review covers defense security and economic security, but not the entirety of industrial security. The criterion for national security review is whether a transaction harms or may potentially harm national security; rather than whether it undermines the market power of domestic firms or harms competition. National security review would become a tool of industrial policy, should the boundary of economic security (i.e., the list of key industries) be set too broadly. Antitrust, national security review and industrial policy pertain to different public policy areas with distinct objectives. They should operate separately, instead of trying to support each other by design.
Keywords:FDI M&A, National Security, Industrial Policy
JEL Classification:F21 F52 L16 L52
监事会治理理论的研究脉络及进展
王世权 李维安
摘 要:针对当前监事会治理的理论研究,在探究监事会治理问题缘起的基础上,基于不同阶段理论所关注内容的重点,从“监事会治理的目标及功能定位研究”、“监事会治理的影响要因及强化途径研究”、“监事会治理的必要性研究”、“监事会治理评价研究”以及“监事会与独立董事之间关系研究”五方面对相关文献进行了梳理和述评。研究发现,与实践的迫切需求不相匹配的是,理论上关于监事会治理问题的探索,相较公司治理的其它维度而言却较为薄弱。在监事会的本原性质与作用机理等关键理论层面缺乏突破,尚没有形成具有普遍指导意义的理论体系。在此基础上,总结了近年来监事会治理理论研究的四大趋势,并在文末指出了当前中国上市公司监事会治理亟待解决的理论问题。
关键词:监事会 公司治理 独立董事 监事会治理
Research Vein and Progress of Supervisory Board Governance Theory
Wang Shiquan Li Weian
Abstract: This article, referring to the present theoretical study on supervisory board governance, based on the exploration into the origination of the supervisory governance issue, cards and reviews the relative literature from such five aspects of this research content emphases in different periods, as “Researches on the aim and function position of supervisory board ”,”Influencing elements and intensifying means of supervisory board governance”, “ The study on necessity of supervisory board governance’, “Researches on the evaluation of supervisory board”, and “The study on the relationships between supervisory board and independent directors” . And the research results shows, the theoretical exploration of supervisory board seems to be much weaker in contrast with other dimensions of corporate governance, without matching the urgent requirements of practices; there hasn’t formed theoretical system with general guiding significance, but needs theoretical breakthroughs in the nature and function mechanism of supervisory board. Based on this, it sums up the four tendencies of supervisory board governance theory research, and finally puts forward the theoretical problems to be resolved in recent years.
Keywords:Supervisory Board;Corporate Governance ;Independent Director;Supervisory Board Governance
JEL Classification: M140, N01, M10
国有企业效率、产出效应与经济增长:
一个分析框架和基于中国各省区的经验研究
黄险峰 李平
摘 要:在中国的经济转轨过程中,国有企业承担了减少大规模失业和提供社会稳定的职能。因此,国有企业的产出近似地代表着为其他部门提供了发展所需要的稳定环境。本文利用一个简单的两部门生产函数框架,分离出国有企业与其他部门的效率差异和国有企业的产出(社会稳定)效应对经济增长的影响。我们发现,国有企业的效率低于其他部门,但与此同时,国有企业对经济的其他部门存在显著的产出效应,而且这两种因素对经济增长的影响差不多相互抵消了。因此,总体上讲,国有企业与经济的其他部门对经济增长的贡献并不存在显著差异。
关键词:国有企业,产出效应,经济增长
The Efficiency and Output Effect of SOEs and Economic Growth:
An Analytic Framework and Empirical Studies Based on China’s Provincial Data
Huang Xianfeng Li Ping
Abstract: In the process of economic transformation, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) of China play the role of preventing from large scale of unemployment and maintaining social stability which is necessary for the development of other sectors. Using a simple two-sector production function framework, this paper tries to isolate the contributions of SOEs’ efficiency and their output effects to economic growth. We find that, the efficiency of SOEs is lower than that of other sectors, however, SOEs also have significant output effects to other sectors, and the contributions of those two factors to economic growth are nearly offset each other. Therefore, the contribution of SOEs to the economic growth during our sample periods is not significantly different from that of other sectors.
Keywords: State-Owned Enterprises, Output Effect, Economic Growt
JEL Classification: O47, O53, P31
特许经营权拍卖中双重/第二货源理论研究的进展
冯中越 李览博
摘 要:本文阐述了自然垄断产业中的政府规制的激励问题。从特许经营权拍卖中的分割拍卖和跨期规制问题入手,重点介绍了以拉丰和梯若尔为代表的现代双重/第二货源理论,综述了特许经营权拍卖(政府采购)中双重/第二货源理论的产生、演变和研究的进展。
关键词: 特许经营权 拍卖 双重/第二货源
The development of the dual/second sourcing theory in franchise
Feng Zhongyue Li Lanbo
Abstract: This Article expatiates on the incentive issue on the regulation in natural monopoly industry. We start with split auction and multi-term regulation, especially emphasis on the dual sourcing or second sourcing theory in behalf of Laffon and Tirole, and then summarize the form, evolvement and development of the dual sourcing or second sourcing theory in franchise(procurement).
Keywords:franchise, auction, dual/second sourcing
JEL Classfication: L51, D44, D86
美国劳动关系研究综述
罗润东 徐萍
摘要:劳动关系是生产关系中直接与劳动要素及其所有者有关的社会经济关系,是市场经济中的必然产物。本文主要评述美国产业关系的重要组成即劳动关系研究的发生与发展进程,以期望对当代我国同一问题的研究提供借鉴和参考。我们发现,美国劳动关系研究内容整体的发展脉络呈现出“产生—繁荣—徘徊—转向”的基本脉络特征。其研究成果繁荣的原因归于二十世纪初期美国在劳工运动兴盛背景下,工业关系研究领域适时转向并集中于劳动关系这一核心问题的讨论。当代美国劳动关系理论的新转向则是更关注外部环境的变化与劳动关系行为主体对环境变化的反应,而在这美国劳动关系理论研究的两次转向之间,形成了理论研究的徘徊和空洞。
关键词:产业关系 劳动关系 美国
A Survey of U.S. Labor Relations
Luo Rundong Xu Ping
Abstract: Industrial relations are relations of production in working directly with the owner of the relevant factors and it is inevitable in market economy. The authors focus on review of industrial relations of the United States, which is an important component of labor relations research. We find that the U.S. labor relations research showed a great change in the past century. The prosperity of the reasons attributed to the early 20th century when the American labor movement flourished in the background, research in the field of industrial relations focused on the core labor relations issues. Contemporary American labor relations show changes in the external environment and labor relations act for the main response to environmental changes, and between the two changes labor relations in the United States nearly come to stop.
Keywords: Industrial Relations; Labor Relations; United States
JEL Classsification:J53, J59
生产系统跃迁理论:一个应用于中国农业生产的调查研究
蔡银寅
摘 要:经济增长的实质是生产投入中各要素边际收益的增长,农业生产也不例外,农业经济增长只有通过变革农业生产系统并进而改变农业生产中各要素的收益函数来实现,但生产系统的变迁显然是不连续的,如何实现生产系统的变革成为农业经济增长的关键。本文从微观经济学基本理论出发,引入生产要素交易费用变量对生产要素进行分类,由此推导出生产系统选择、跃迁和诱变机制的数理基础,并将其应用于中国农业生产的调查研究进行实证分析。
关键词:生产系统;跃迁;诱变机制
The theory of non-continuous transition of production system: a survey and research on China’s agricultural production
Cai Yinyin
Abstract: The essence of the increase of economy is the increase of every factor’s marginal return which is put into production. So is the agricultural production. The increase of agricultural economy may be realized only by reforming the agricultural production system and changing every factor’s profit function in the agricultural production. However, the changes of the production system are obviously not continuous. And how to realize the reform of the production system becomes the key of the increase of agricultural economy. The paper is based on the microeconomic basic theory. It introduces the production factors of the transaction cost and put them into different categories. Hence the paper infers the mathematical basis of the production system’s choice, development and mutation mechanism. Moreover, the paper applied it in china’s agricultural investigation, study and analysis.
Keywords:production system; non-continuous transition; mutation mechanism
JEL Classification: D23; O13; Q15
服务业国际转移经济效应分析:中国数据的验证
刘庆林 廉凯
摘 要:本文认为,服务业国际转移通过贸易效应、资本效应、就业效应和技术效应推动国民经济总量的增长,通过劳动力素质、产业结构、产业集聚和服务业劳动生产率四个路径推动国民经济运行质量的提高,以此为基础本文构建了服务业国际转移经济效应的分析框架。采用格兰杰因果检验法和路径分析法分析了服务业国际转移对我国国民经济总量的影响,发现服务业国际转移能够通过贸易、就业和技术等路径推动中国经济总量增长;采用地区比较分析法测算了服务业国际转移对我国经济运行质量的影响,结果表明通过劳动力素质、产业集聚水平和服务业劳动生产率三个路径有效推动了国民经济运行质量的提高,并且东中西部地区存在经济效应递减的趋势。
关键词:服务业国际转移 路径分析 经济效应
The Economic Effect Analysis of International Transfer of Service Industry: A Test with China's Data
Liu Qinglin Lian Kai
Abstract: The international transfer of service industry promotes the growth of the total national economy by trade effect, capital effect, employment effect and technology effect, and improves the quality of national economic operation through four paths of labor quality, industrial structure, industrial clustering and labor productivity of service industry. Based on the which, this paper constructs the analytical framework of the economic effects of international transfer of service industry. This paper analyzes the effects of international transfer of services on China’s total national economy by Granger causality test and path analysis method and finds that the international transfer of services promots China's total economic growth through paths of trade, employment, technology and so on. Besides, this paper measures the effects of international transfer of services on China’s economic operation quality and the results show that the nternational transfer of services effectively promote the improvement of the quality of national economic operation by three paths of labor quality, industrial clustering and labor productivity of services, and there exists a decreasing trend of economic effects among east, central and western region.
Keywords:International transfer service; Path Analysis; Economic effects
JEL Classification: L80 F20 E20
组合拍卖的理论与实践:一个文献综述
王宏
摘 要:组合拍卖可以使得竞标者灵活的显示出自己对于物品之间替代性或互补性关系的偏好,这降低了竞标风险,增加了拍卖者的收益,从而大大提高了拍卖的经济效率。组合拍卖中所涉及的三个主要问题是:投标语言表达、竞胜标决定和激励与机制设计。文章主要针对这三个中心问题进行了综述。随着互联网和计算机技术的发展,这为组合拍卖的应用提供了很好的应用平台。组合拍卖已经被成功应用在许多经济领域,这些领域包括:通讯频谱拍卖,B2B,运输服务,飞机场起落时间分派等。值得注意的是当前关于组合拍卖的学术研究和实际应用之间存在着不协调性,对于组合拍卖研究的条块分割现状突出,不同领域的专家往往只从事本领域内的相关研究,对于组合拍卖还没有形成一个全面系统的深入研究。而组合拍卖可以应用的领域如此之广,但是要想将组合拍卖成功的付诸实践,这首先需要有组合拍卖理论的具体指导。也正因为这一点,对于组合拍卖进行进一步的深入研究大有可为。
关键词:组合拍卖,竞胜标,机制设计
The Theory and Practice of Combinatorial Auction: A Survey
Wang Hong
Abstract Combinatorial auction can make bidders flexibly reveal their preferences on the substitutable or complementary relationships of items, which can decline the bidding risk, increase auctioneer’ revenue and thus improves the economic efficiency of auction remarkably. The main topics concerned in combinatorial auctions are: bidding languages, winner determination and mechanism design. This paper focuses on the survey of the above three topics. The developments of internet and computer technology have provided a wonderful applicable platform for combinatorial auction. Combinatorial auction has been applied in wide economic domains successfully, including frequency spectrum auction, B2B, transportation services, airport time slots, etc. The noteworthiness is that there exists disharmony between academic research and practical applications on combinatorial auction. The status quo of stripe-and-block partition in this research is prominent, experts from different disciplines always undertake the related research on their own domain, i.e. the current research on combinatorial auction haven’t form a completely systematic system. However, the applications of combinatorial auction are so extensive. If we want to put it into action successfully, we need a dedicated guidance of this theory in the first place. By the reason of this incoordination between theory and practice, we have lots of work to do in this existing theory.
JEL Classification: D44, L81, C61
我国城镇居民跨期消费行为演变分析
黄宇
摘要:本文以转轨时期我国城镇居民家庭的收入的变化状况作为分析我国城镇居民消费行为的背景,首先从消费水平方面来考察我国城镇居民消费行为变化的总体状况;然后,在对我国城镇居民消费行为总体认识的基础上发现跨期消费是消费行为变化过程之中一个明显的特点。同时,当期消费是最近我国城镇居民家庭四年内的收入总体影响的结果。
关键词:消费行为 演变 跨期选择
The Analysis on Intertemporal Consumption Behavior of China’s Urban Residents
Huang Yu
Abstract: On the basis of rising income in China’s transition economy, this paper analysis urban residents’ consumption from the consumption level. Then, standing on the urban residents’ income and consumption, this paper found that intertemporal choice is a clear characteristics of China’s urban residents. Furthermore, urban residents’ current consumption is the total results of the last four years’ income.
Keywords: Consumption Behavior; Evolution; Intertemporal Choice
JEL Classification: D12; O12
转型期农村居民消费升级行为的一个考察:
基于城乡交通通信支出行为比较
朱孟晓
摘 要:交通通信项目的消费需求变化是居民消费升级的重要方面。通过基础数据的统计与分析,对农村与城镇进行了分别考察与比较,对城乡之间消费结构上的交通通信支出比重相对于时间变化与收入水平变化进行的分析深刻揭示了农村居民相关消费特征,提出并检验了城镇消费升级对农村的先导作用或农村对城镇消费升级的追赶特征。经济总体发展背景下的农村与城镇居民消费升级的联动作用对促进农村消费乃至总消费提供了政策指导和建议。
关键词:转型期;消费升级;交通通信;城乡比较
One Study on the Behavior of Rural residents’ Demand Upgradein Transitional China: Based on the Comparison between Urban and Rural on Traffic and Communication’s Expenditure
Zhu Mengxiao
Abstract: Consumption demand of traffic and communication is an important aspect of Consumption Upgrade. Using basal data, we examine the states of the city and the countryside separately, compare their distinctions, thus find growth characteristic of various stages of consumption expenditure in traffic and communication; In the general analysis on the changes of traffic and communication’s expenditure opposite to the time and total consumption expenditure, we discover and prove overflow influence of the city’s consumption demand upgrade imposed on countryside and the characteristic of the countryside chasing the city. Under the context of overall economic development, the Interaction of rural and urban residents in consumption upgrading can provide policy guidance and recommendations for the promotion of rural consumption as well as the total consumption.
Keywords: Transition Period; Consumption Upgrade; Traffic and Communication; Urban and Rural
JEL Classification: D10,O18,R20
转型时期我国城乡居民食物消费支出变化及原因分析
颜士锋
摘要:转型时期,我国城乡居民的食品消费支出增加了2倍多,但是城乡居民的食品消费水平差别巨大。原因是影响城乡居民食品消费支出的因素不同,城镇居民的食品消费支出主要受消费惯性、人均可支配收入和制度变迁的影响,农村居民的食品消费支出主要受人均纯收入和价格的影响。
关键词:食品消费支出 消费惯性 制度变迁
Analysis of Rural and Urban Residents Food Expenditure in Transitional China
Yan Shifeng
Abstract:During the transform period, the rural and urban residents' food consumption expenditure increased more than 200% in our country, but increase speed difference hugely. The urban residents' food's consumption expenditure is inertial, influenced by the controllable income and system reform, the rural residents' food consumes expenditure is mainly subjected to pure income and price.
Keywords:food consumption expenditure inertial consumption system change
JEL Classification:C14 D12 J11 L66
《消费、偏好与资产收益——基于中国资本市场的分析》评价
臧旭恒
消费与资产价格问题的研究是宏观经济学的前沿领域,该领域在中国经济理论界还很薄弱,王立平博士所著《消费、偏好与资产收益——基于中国资本市场的分析》(格致出版社、上海三联书店和上海人民出版社2008年7月出版)一书对中国居民消费与资产收益问题进行了研究,是宏观经济研究领域一项具有创新性和填补空白意义的著作,具有重要的理论意义。