转型期中国煤矿安全规制机制研究
——基于激励相容的视角
肖兴志 王钠
摘 要:煤矿事故在政府屡次严厉整顿下依然得不到有效遏制,已经成为中国构建和谐社会以及实现可持续发展的一大难题。本文从激励相容的角度出发,通过中央政府与地方政府、地方政府与煤矿企业、煤矿企业与矿工之间三组委托代理关系的深入分析,研究各个主体之间利益趋于一致的具体条件,并进一步提出了完善转型期中国煤矿安全规制的激励相容机制,降低煤矿事故率的政策建议。
关键词:煤矿事故激励相容安全规制行为选择
Research on mechanism of Chinese coal mine safety regulations in the period of transition
——Based on the incentive compatibility perspective
Xiao Xingzhi Wang Na
Abstract: Coal mine accidents still not ceased under the situation of repeatedly and harshly rectifying in China, now it has become one of the bottlenecks of building harmonious society and achieving social sustainable development. From incentive compatibility perspective, this paper discussed specific conditions that made various bodies’ interests tend to accordance, and presented recommendations of improving mechanism of incentive compatibility of Chinese coal mine safety regulations and reducing coal mine accident rate through analyzing principal-agent relationship among central government and local governments, local governments and coal mine enterprises, coal mine enterprises and coal miners.
Keywords:Coal mine accidents; Incentive compatibility; Safety regulations; Behavior choice
JEL Classification:L61;L59
产业组织理论的实验研究范式
李建标 李晓义
摘要:应用于产业组织理论研究的经济学/管理学实验研究范式,不仅将市场结构、交易制度、市场力、反垄断规制等因素框架在动态的具体的行为基础之上,而且最大程度地排除了传统的实证计量模型中所包容的未知影响变量。在实验研究范式下,已有的一些研究结论得到了证实(如完全竞争+双向拍卖;寡头垄断+明码标价)或证伪(如完全垄断和寡头垄断+双向拍卖;完全竞争+明码标价);一些新的研究结果被揭示出来,如市场结构并不是市场行为的唯一因素,有时市场上的交易制度会起主导作用等等,所有这些得益于实验研究范式本身的比较优势。本文比较了产业组织理论不同研究范式的特点,着重讨论了实验范式的一般性框架和应用。
关键字:产业组织理论实验经济学交易制度市场绩效
The Experimental Research Paradigm for Industrial Organization Theory
Li Jianbiao Li Xiaoyi
Abstract: The economics/management experimental research paradigm used in Industrial Organization Theory study not only based market factor such as market structure, exchange institutions, market power, market regulation, etc. on observed human behavior, but exclude the influence of unknown variables in classic econometric models to a substantial extent. In the experiment paradigm, some theoretic results have been confirmed, some have been falsified, and even some new rules have been found out in laboratory. All of these developments can attribute to the comparative advantage of experiment paradigm. This paper discussed all of the research paradigms in Industrial Organization Theory study, especially giving out the general framework and applications of experiment paradigm.
Key words: Industrial Organization Theory Experimental Economics Exchange Institutions Market Performance
JEL Classification:B41; L19
关于企业利润率差异的经验研究:问题、方法和结论
贺俊
摘要:本文对企业利润率差异问题的相关经验研究从问题、方法和结论三个方面进行了引介和评述。西方学术界在该领域的研究经历了从产业组织到战略管理、从结构分析到效应分析的演变。我们不仅对同一传统内的问题演进和方法改进进行了梳理,而且对两大传统的研究重点和方法进行了系统的比较。与西方学术界在该领域已经积累了丰富的研究成果和完善的数据、经验技术相比,国内在该领域的研究水平整体上还比较落后。文章指出目前国内该领域研究普遍存在的不足甚至谬误,并指出未来可能改进的方向。
关键词:企业利润率差异产业组织战略管理
Empirical Studies on Profitability Difference between Firms: Questions, Methods and Main Findings
He Jun
Abstract:This paper is a selective literature review of the empirical studies on the profitability difference between firms from perspective of question, method and result. English-language based studies experienced a transition from the tradition of industrial organization to that of strategic management, and from structural analysis to effect analysis. We provide a systematic comparison of the ideas and techniques within and between these two traditions. Compared to the studies abroad, the level of the Chinese studies in this area are relatively low. Shortcoming or even serious errors in data and techniques are identified and further research directions are suggested in the end.
Key Words: Profitability difference; Industrial organization; Strategic management
JEL Classification:D430, L120, M310
公司治理研究的深化与拓展:对近期文献的回顾
曹廷求 于建霞
摘 要:本文从更一般的层面上对20世纪90年代以来的公司治理研究及其最新进展进行了回顾性整理。从研究视角看,公司治理大体上经历了“美国—主要市场经济国家—国际化”等三个不同的研究阶段,随之研究范围不断扩展、研究内容不断创新、研究方法也不断优化,目前已经形成相对完善的理论架构并在理论和实践领域得到了广泛认同。预期将来的研究,大股东治理、金融机构治理和中国的公司治理问题将会引起更大的关注。
关键词:公司治理 治理机制 治理模式 金融机构治理 大股东治理
Deepening and Broadening of Corporate Governance Research: A Review of Recent Literature
Cao Tingqiu Yu Jianxia
Abstract:We put forward a general view on corporate governance research and its latest development since 1990s on the basis of reviewing recent literature in this paper. Corporate governance research went through three different stages on the whole, i.e. “U.S.A.—Main Market Economic Countries—Internationalization”. With broadening of study fields, innovating of research items, developing of methodology, a more perfect theoretical framework has been formed currently and accepted widely both in theory and in practice field. It is expected that issues of dominant shareholder governance, financial institution governance and Chinese corporate governance will be paid more attention in future research.
Key Words: Corporate Governance, Governance Mechanism, Governance Mode, Corporate Governance of Financial Institutions, Dominant Shareholder Governance
JEL Classification:M10; N01
电视节目差别的理论阐释:一个文献综述
池建宇
摘 要:本文综述了从经济学角度论述电视频道间节目差别的相关理论文献。电视产业具有双边性市场特征,所以频道间的节目差别和一般产业的产品差别有所不同。在给定时段内节目差别最小化和最大化策略都可能被电视频道采用。市场结构、经营模式和观众对广告的厌恶程度都影响电视节目的差别程度,节目差别程度的变化会导致消费者福利的相应变化。经历了离散模型、连续模型和现代模型三个阶段,从经济学角度对电视节目差别的研究逐渐回归到主流的产业经济学产品差别理论的分析框架。
关键词:双边性市场,节目差别,产品差别理论
Theory of Television Programming Differentiation: A Review
Chi Jianyu
Abstract:This paper reviews economic studies of television programming differentiation. Television industry is a two-sided market, so programming differentiation cannot be interpreted by product differentiation theory perfectly. A television channel may make any choice of minimum or maximum programming differentiation. Degree of programming differentiation can be influenced by many factors such as market structure, financial supporting ways of channels and extent to audiences dislike advertising. And programming differentiation degree will affects welfare of consumers. Economic studies of television programming differentiation have been in a framework of product differentiation theory of mainstream industrial economics.
Key Words: Two-sided market, Programming differentiation, Product differentiation theory
JEL Classification: L82, L13, D11
公共研发投资对私人研发的影响效应分析
张博
摘 要:作为一国技术进步和经济增长的重要来源,研发活动的投资主体包括政府和企业。与之相对应,可以把研发活动划分为公共研发和私人研发。其中公共研发与私人研发之间的相互关系,是影响整个社会研发效率的重要因素。因而,对公共研发投资对私人研发活动影响的理论分析,是制定一国研发政策的基础。本文通过对公共研发投资对私人研发投资的静态、动态挤出和溢出效应的理论分析进行归纳,考察公共研发投资对私人研发投资的影响。在此基础上,对我国的研发投资活动提出政策建议。
关键词:公共研发 私人研发 挤出效应 溢出效应
The analysis of influence on private R&D performance by public R&D investment
Zhang Bo
Abstract: R&D activity, whose investment subjects include government and enterprises, is the main source of the technique progress and economic growth, Public R&D and private R&D structure the R&D activity accordingly. The correlation between public R&D and private R&D is the key factor which can affect the whole R&D efficiency. As a result, the theoretical analysis of influence on private R&D performance by public R&D investment is the basis of establishing nation's R&D policy. This article includes the analysis of static, dynamic crowding out and spillover effects, and explores the effect between public R&D and private R&D. And further we will make policy proposal to our national R&D investment activities.
Key Words: Public R&D, private R&D, crowing out effect, spillover effect
JEL Classification:O30;O31;O38;H40;H41
产业集群演进中龙头企业的带动作用研究综述
贾生华 杨菊萍
摘 要:产业集群中不同企业的地位、角色和作用是有差异的。龙头企业作为其它企业发展的动力和榜样,通过具有外部性的投资以及与其它企业之间的协作促进了集群内部资源的共享,通过与集群其它企业的交流合作实现知识在不同企业间的转移和扩散,通过不断创新形成“新鲜产业空气”从而带动其它企业的创新,通过品牌扩展并主导树立地区声誉为集群中其它企业提供了营销的依据。因此,支持龙头企业发展并鼓励其在集群中发挥领导角色,是提升产业集群整体竞争优势、促进产业集群不断演进的重要手段。
关键字:龙头企业;外部性;知识扩散;创新;地区声誉
The Review of Leading Firms’ Stimulative Effect in the Evolution of Industrial Cluster
Jia Shenghua Yang Juping
Abstract:There are diversities of positions, roles and functions among different firms within the industrial cluster. Leading firms share various resources by investment or cooperating with other firms in industrial cluster, and during the communication and collaboration they transfer knowledge to their partners, their continual innovation bring “fresh air” and encourage other firms to innovate, and they give strong marketing argument to the firms of the same cluster by expanding their own brand and creating regional reputation. Hence, it is an important way to add the competitiveness and accelerate the evolution of the cluster by supporting the development of the leading firms and encouraging them to act as a leader in the cluster.
Key words: Leading firms; external economies; knowledge diffusion; innovation; regional reputation
JEL Classification: L10;L16
新股再次发行的机会窗口理论研究综述
刘国亮 杨晓丽
【摘要】 机会窗口理论突破了传统金融学有效资本市场以及理性投资者的假设,从信息不对称的角度出发,认为企业有能力发行定价过高的股票以获得超额收益。经营者选择增发窗口的结果表现为企业增发前的股价上升,增发公告日的价格负效应以及增发后的长期业绩不佳。本文较为全面地介绍了这一理论及其发展,并讨论了其未来可能的发展方向。
【关键词】 机会窗口理论 信息不对称 新股再次发行
Windows of opportunity for seasoned equity offerings: a Survey
Liu Guoliang Yang Xiaoli
Abstract:The theory of windows of opportunity abandons traditional financial hypothesis of efficient market and rational investors. It argues that when managers have private information of price misvaluation, they would prefer to issue equities to exploit such opportunities. The theroy predicts that there will be a large runup before the SEO, a negative price effect on SEO announcement,and long-run underperformance of SEO fims. Our study surveys this theory and its development .
Key Words:windows of opportunity asymmetric information seasoned equity offerings
JEL Classification:G10; G24
特许经营权拍卖中合谋理论研究的进展
赵楠冯中越
[摘要] 本文阐述了自然垄断产业中的政府规制的激励问题。从广泛存在于经济和社会各个领域的合谋现象入手,重点介绍了以拉丰和梯若尔为代表的现代合谋理论,综述了特许经营权拍卖中合谋理论的产生、演变和研究的进展。
[关键词] 特许经营权 拍卖 合谋
The Evolvement of Collusion Theory in the Auction of Franchise
Zhao Nan Feng Zhongyue
Abstract: This article analyses the incentive problem of regulation in natural monopoly industry. It based on the phenomena of collusion in every area of economy and society, and mainly introduced the modern collusion theory which established by Laffont and Tirole. This paper summarizes how did the collusion theory in franchise come into being, evolve and get on.
Key words: franchise, auction, collusion
JEL Classification:L16 ;L51
基于社会网络结构分析的产业集群升级研究
顾慧君
摘 要:本文在对企业成长理论、新区域主义以及全球价值链理论下的产业集群升级研究进行比较综合的基础上,构建起一个基于社会网络结构分析的产业集群升级研究框架,并从社会网络结构分析的四个特征指标:中心度、簇聚度、结构自治度以及结构对等度出发,分析全球价值链视野下,由企业成长驱动的产业集群升级。
关键词:产业集群;升级;社会网络;结构分析
Based on an Analysis of the Structure of Social Networks
Gu HuiJun
Abstract:A research framework is built in this article to study the upgrading of the industrial clusters on the basis of the comparative synthesis among the theory of firm growth, New Regional Theory, and Global Value Chains. In this framework, the process of cluster upgrading, which is emerged by the growth of firms located in local clusters and embedded in GVC, is analyzed based on the structure analysis of social networks.
Key words:industrial clusters; upgrading; social networks; structural analysis
JEL Classification: L16; L19
海洋产业经济国际研究进展
刘曙光
摘 要:海洋问题的产业经济学研究在国际上有着较长的历史传统和丰富的文献基础。本文通过对1995-2006期间海洋产业经济研究文献进行初步整理,从产业内部涉海企业间竞争、海洋产业组织行为、海洋产业结构调整、海洋港口空间组织及海洋产业规制与政策等方面,对国际海洋产业经济研究进行了初步综述,认为尽管存在一般产业组织理论研究与海洋经济实证研究的相对脱节,但是已经取得的成就对我国开展中国特色海洋产业经济研究具有重要的借鉴意义。
关键词:海洋产业经济;国际研究
Progress of Maritime Industrial Organization Study:
A Review of International Literatures
Liu Shuguang
Abstract: The perspective of industrial organization theory on maritime issues is supported by rich literatures over a long time. Based on the initial analyses of the journal-published and online-available research papers from 1995 to 2006, the author conducts a brief review in 5 parts of intra-industrial competition, industrial organizational behavior, maritime industrial structure, seaport (group) spatial organization, maritime industry regulation and policy. The results of the review show that although the maritime industrial organization study is far from matured at present, there are still much to be learned from by Chinese researchers in their way to do contribution to maritime industry studies with Chinese characteristics.
Keywords:maritime industrial organization; international literatures
JEL Classification: L72;L99
基于企业家能力的企业成长研究综述
张 瑾
摘 要:企业是市场经济的微观运行主体,企业成长是国家竞争优势的主要源泉,因此企业成长问题一直是国内外经济学、管理学和社会学学者们关注和研究的重要主题。企业家是企业的灵魂,介于市场与组织之间的企业家同时履行很多职能,他必须具备一种综合能力,所以企业家的能力对企业成长发挥着重要作用。文中综述了近年来促使企业成长的企业家的能力维度和影响因素、企业家能力对企业成长的作用机理、企业家能力与企业成长过程方面的研究成果,并对未来的研究做出展望。
关键字:企业家能力 企业成长 能力理论
A review of Enterprises’Growth based on Entrepreneurial Competence
Zhang Jin
Abstract:Enterprises’Growth is the main source of country’s competitive advantage. So it is an important topic which many scholars study and regard. Entrepreneur is the soul of a firm. entrepreneurial competence plays significant role to enterprises’growth. In this article we review entrepreneurial competence dimensions, impact factors ,the relation of enterprises’growth and entrepreneurial competence. Future research directions are prospected at the same time.
Key Words:Entrepreneurial Competence;Enterprises’Growth; Competence theory
JEL Classification:L26;M10